Find Scam-Free Postal Service Jobs

You may have seen them online or in the classified section of your local newspaper - ads offering to help job seekers find Postal Service jobs ... for a fee, of course. Heres the thing: Theres no trick to finding those Postal Service jobs ... for free. When it comes to federal and postal jobs, the word to remember is free, the Federal Trade Commission says in an alert to consumers. Information about job openings with the U.S. government or U.S. Postal Service is free and available to everyone. Applying for a federal or postal job also is free. How the Scams Work The consumer-protection arm of the government wants that scam artists try to hoodwink Postal Service job seekers into shelling out cash by hiding behind important-sounding federal agencies. Some examples of those bogus agencies are the U.S. Agency for Career Advancement and the Postal Employment Service, according to the FTC. One popular scam is conducted by con artists who lure job seekers into responding to ads placed in local newspapers. They inform the job seekers there are openings locally and that they qualify, but that they need to pay for study materials to get a high school on the postal exam. The FTC says such claims are ridiculous. The company isnt part of the U.S. Postal Service, the materials may be worthless, and a passing score on a postal exam does not assure youll get a postal job. There may not even be an available job in your area, the FTC says. How to Spot Scams Here are a few tip-offs to Postal Service job rip-offs from the government: Classified ads, online ads or telephone sales pitches that imply an affiliation with the federal government, guarantee high test scores or state that no experience is necessary;Ads that offer information about hidden or unadvertised federal jobs;Ads that refer you to a toll-free phone number; Often, in these cases, an operator encourages you to buy a valuable booklet of job listings, practice test questions and tips for entrance exams.Toll-free numbers that direct you to other pay-per-call numbers (such as 900 numbers) for more information. Under federal law, any solicitations for pay-per-call numbers must include full disclosures about the cost of the call. If you have concerns about a company’s advertisement for employment services, contact: The Federal Trade Commission at ftc.gov/complaint, or by calling 1-877-FTC-HELP (382-4357).The U.S. Postal Inspection Service. Find your local office at postalinspectors.uspis.gov or in the blue (government) pages of your telephone directory.Your state attorney general at naag.org, or your local Better Business Bureau at bbb.org. In addition, federal government job information is available through the U.S. Office of Personnel Management’s USAJOBS at usajobs.gov. How to Find a Postal Service Job on Your Own The federal government makes it very easy to find Postal Service Jobs. To look for Postal Service jobs go online to www.usps.com/employment. The site will tell you where the Postal Service is hiring, as well as whether you need to take an exam. Even you do need to take a test, the agency typically offers sample questions to people who sign up for the exam. Best of all, its free. Are Postal Workers Government Employees? While Postal Service employees must follow federal government rules and do receive federal employee benefits, they are not classified as federal employees by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics because the postal service is a quasi-federal agency. Under the U.S. Constitution, Congress has direct control over the rules and regulations the post office must follow concerning operations and personnel. The U.S. Postal Service does not receive tax dollars for personnel and most of its operations. Instead, all its revenue comes from the sale of postage stamps and other postal produces and mailing supplies. Updated by Robert Longley

Examine the Relationship Between Crimes Against Humans and...

Examine the relationship between crimes against humans and the state State crimes are crimes committed by, on behalf, or with the complicity of governments or state agencies such as the police, armed forces or secret services. Sociologists have looked into state crime and some have gone as far as to say it breaks human rights e.g. - the right to life, the right to reproduce. Although not all sociologists see breaking human rights as a crime, some do. Some sociologists who look into the how the state has committed crimes against humans and caused harm are Schwendinger, Cohen and Bauman. Schwendinger basically says that state crime is a violation of human rights, rather than a break of legal rules. This means states that deny individuals’†¦show more content†¦The final stage is justifying actions’ if it did happen it’s justified’- for example, justifying actions to protect national security. Cohen also came up with a neutralisation theory to explain how the state justifies crime. The first stage is the denial of the victim- saying they deserved it e.g. - terrorists. The second stage is denial of injury, saying they were attacked first. The third is denial of responsibility where individuals such as policemen can say that they were simply just following orders. The fourth stage is condemning the condemners, where the state argues that other countries are targeting them. The final stage is appealing to higher loyalty for example, appealing to the nation, state security etc. Cohen’s theory does have it problems however. For example, the spiral of denial theory is only based on his assumptions and lacks evidence. The neutralisation technique is outdated and also, Cohen ignores positive aspects of state crimes e.g. - protecting the country. Kelman and Hamilton came up with something called ‘crimes of obedience’ to assess the relationship between crimes against humans and the state, suggesting that crimes are committed as they are not seen as a crime. They studied in My Lai in Vietnam, where a platoon of American soldiers killed 400 civilians. They came up with three main features of crimes of obedience, which are; Authorisation- the idea that acts are committed by orders of authority and people mustShow MoreRelatedPolice Violence Is More Than Violent Policing1369 Words   |  6 PagesBernasconi, R. (2014). When police violence is more than violent policing. CR: The New Centennial Review, 14(2), 145-152. doi:10.14321/crnewcentrevi.14.2.0145 The article examines a particular case where a young African-American male was shot by a police officer in Chicago. The author looks at the causes of this incident as well as discusses the absence of accountability that the police department faced. The content of this article applies to all three disciplines that will assistRead MoreThe Private And Public Side Of Sexuality966 Words   |  4 PagesHuman sexuality, this topic sparks a plethora of opinions, viewpoints, and emotions. 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Song and Dance Journal Essay Example For Students

Song and Dance Journal Essay Today was the first dancing practise for the International peace night. After a hot and sunny day of school, I was not too determined for a training session. Luckily, there was no dancing practise today, just an explanation of the dance performance we will be doing and organising the days which we were free in order to practise. The group was decided to be 4 people, A Japanese exchange student (Karin), a year 10 student (Takashi), Georgia Zheng (Our leader of the group) and lastly me. We planned out that we would meet up every week after school on a Wednesday. The challenge was the we did not have much time for practise until the performance night and also we were worried that school work could possibly overlap with trainings and practises, hence why we were rushing things. We all agreed that this will end up possibly unfinished and the worst way, or perform a magnificent outspending performance. Today was the first moving lesson with our dance group. It was quite useful that Georgia had already learnt all of the moves and the performance before hand, as it made it more easier for us to learn rather than trying to learn from scratch. Georgia taught us the first couple of moves of the performance and I think we picked it up reasonably well. The timing and the formations that we need to be in were all incomplete, however this will be done at the end as the final step. It was very important that we practise at home by ourselves going through the movements, because it was quite a complex dance and remembering the moves are essential in order to progress to the step moves for the next session. We practised behind the international office as we would also view the dance on youtube, as Georgia was not too sure with some of the movements. All in all, today was not a bad training day for a first go. Today we went through the next few moves, moving ahead after last times session. I noticed that the moves were soon becoming much more difficult and was pressured by this. I also have a chemistry test tomorrow with Georgia, so we only trained for about 45 minutes instead of an hour. However within this 45 minutes of training, I was disappointed as I was not able to remember the movements that we learnt today because I was very nervous of the Chemistry test. So I decided to quickly revise for my test and then went through the movements I had learnt today at night in my garage. It was easier than expected to learn off youtube because I realised the dance on the clip was mirrored, rather than being face on with the dance. At the end of the day, I was able to complete my task of remembering the dance moves up to the point required. I believe todays lesson lacked teamwork and communication, however I was able to initiate my own activity at home which i think was very beneficial. Today we went up to half way of the whole dance performance within a 1. 5 hour period, however just accomplishing half way was amazing. I imagined that it would take a lot longer however thanks to Georgias useful teaching method of following along with her actions, we re now half complete. I noticed that Takashi was struggling with a lot of the moves, so I decided to meet up with him afterwards and correct some of his struggling points. I believe that this was an ethical implication I made, as it is all part of team work and communication and trying to help each other in order to accomplish the same goal, which was to finish the performance on the stage in front of the audience to show our appreciation towards internationalism and the cultures within society. I believe that we as a group and team were engaged and determined, very focused at trying to learn and accomplish the dance movements. Georgia was also quite impressed with my dance moves as she had never seen me dance before. I was trying very hard to copy georgics movements and to make my performance more effective. After coming back from a karate tournament, i had missed a couple of lessons of the dance performance. I was very very stressed because we only had a couple of weeks until the performance and I had only learnt half of the dance. Also, I was behind with the school work and assignments hence why i need to be organised from this point onwards the use my time wisely in order to accomplish everything. It was very thoughtful of my team that they each tried to help me out with the moves I needed to learn. Takashi was still confused with some of the movements so we worked together to try and complete the dance. I decided to do some dance practise at home for the next couple of days so that i could really catch up and get back on track, ready to run through the whole performance over and over with the whole team in the next dancing session. This was planning and initiating my activity, trying to prepare at my potential. Today was the day where we went through all of the movements of the performance and really tried to get in tim with each other. Luckily from my training in the past few nights, I have now completed remembering the whole performance, and everyone in my group was impressed. From this step onward was all about getting in time, knowing our positions and formations while being in sync with the music in the background. e are able to get in time with each other at the end of todays session, however there were still parts that we muddled up and had to retry from the start. Although eventually we were able to go through the performance with great flow and timing with the music. The whole team worked together as a team and persevered to accomplish the whole dance and we did which showed our determination. From this point onwards was just to really go through the performance over and over so that we barely make any errors and trying to accomplish perfections in each of our performances, polishing the dance as a team. Today was a very nervous but exciting day. Rock Music and Outstanding Rock Bands EssayAnd the benefit of this was that because the audience will not be able to understand the Japanese language, the emotion and the graphics in the slide show background will really get the message through, and also with the emphasis on the global important such that it is not language, however simply emotion and feelings that allow people to connect and communicate with others. Today, I have started on the slide show for our performance, and it was a very great experience for me because I am not a technical person making it a mission or a challenge. With the aid of help from my parents, I was able to progress quickly rapidly with the slide show. The slide show was all about the Japanese Tsunami and Earthquake which occurred 3 years ago, including raw and live footages of the tsunami and earthquakes in action whilst people are having a traumatic experience. Today I finished the draft of the first half of the performance, which was around 2 minutes long. This was well integrated into the music performance in terms of the timing and the theme. I also now remember pretty much the whole lyrics of the song, although sometimes confused. ack Liu also worked hard to memorise the whole script piece for his piano, so we were getting closer and closer to completion. However we did not have much time, and I had other important tasks to accomplish such as school tests, assignments and my other IPN dance performance. We were in a hurry, however we did have a feeling within us that when we achieve to prepare for this singing performance, It wou ld be one of the best ones within the whole IPN night. Since about 3 days ago, I have been working desperately to finish our presentation in the background, and today I have finally accomplished finishing it. The result was amazing. Very emotional and catching towards the audience. I have showed a couple of friends who are unable to come to the IPN night, and they were all in tears full of emotion and sympathy for the event which struck japan. In my perspective, the turn over point of the presentation makes the presentation very effective. With a change in emotion from sad and misery into hope due to the support by others, It really shows that even if  ¦ there is a traumatic experience and there are some of those who have lost their lives, we still live on through the support of others. Because we have now finished the presentation, it was now purely up to me and Jack to be in sync with each other and reduce the errors made. We decided that by next week (which is a week before the IPN night), that we would fully remember our script, be in correct timing and also to practise and practise so that it will not be embarrassing however a special performance from us on the IPN nights. Jack Liu and I were here at the IPN final practice, that day before our final. Jack and I were quite nervous because we had never run the presentation along with our performance, although we were okay with making any mistakes because it was only a practice session. When we went up on stage, we realised that there were not many seats, hence not many people watching our performance. This allowed us to be less nervous and do our performance. During the performance, we did not make any mistakes in terms of my vocal, Jacks Piano and our timing. The only problem was the presentation, and we realised that we had been performing at a faster tempo than usual. The cause of this was because of our nervousness and hence rushing to finish. What we needed to do on tomorrows night was to put more feelings and confidence into our performance so that we would perform at the right timing. Jack and I decided to go to the music room after our practice session and repeat our performance so that we would not feel as much pressure for tomorrow. Today is the final night of day 1. I have already finished my opening dancing performance with the rest of the Japanese club members successfully. For preparation of Jack and My performance, we went alone into the music room and trained ourselves for the right conditions. Hence I would make sure my voice is loud, crisp and clear whilst jack would warm up his fingers by repeating the song on the piano over and over. However because jack has his solo performance before our team performance, Jack was feeling very nervous because he had to prepare two songs. I felt very nervous before going up, however because I knew that if our performance was successful, the audience would be astonished. Hence Jack and I went on stage with great motivation and pride and we performed with all our effort and show our best. After our performance finished, the presentation continued and realised that we were in perfect timing and went smoothly with the video on the screen. After our presentation ended, all we could hear in the back stage was crying with a huge applause. After our performance, my Japanese teacher came to the back stage full of tears, and congratulated jack and I for the magnificent performance. Our second day also went really well, and both Jack Liu and my parents came to watch our performance. After each nights performances, we would receive feedback from the audience saying that our performance was one of the best throughout the night, and made everyone cry and really appreciate internationalism and the past events from a different culture that needs to be remembered with respect to be shown to. At the end of each night, Mr Clague (Executive principal of Kristin School) mentioned our performance and commented that internationalism is much more important than education and school work.

Starbucks Turns To Instant Coffee in Troubled Times!

Executive Summary The Starbucks Company was established in 1971 and since then the company has been committed at providing high quality Arabica coffee. The company has been experiencing slump growth due to managerial and technological advances rivals have been making and this forced its former CEO Mr. Howard Schultz to step back and help the company back to its past glory.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Starbucks Turns To Instant Coffee in Troubled Times! specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To ensure the company succeeded, Mr. Howard Schultz used both the individual and random decision making models analyzing the problems the company is facing to enable it achieve its goals. The company, like any other, faces challenges and thus there is need for management to check on the challenges so that they do not derail the comeback process. To recapture its past market share, the company has introduced a new product by the name VIA which is an instant coffee and has received appreciation from the customers and through which it hopes to attract a higher market pool. Although the introduction of VIA is promising, its main misgivings is that it may saturate the market faster than expected and thus lender the equipments used in its processing useless leading to Starbucks incurring losses. Introduction The Starbucks Coffee Company was established in 1971 and since then the company has been committed to providing ethically sourcing and roasting the highest Arabica quality coffee in the world. Presently, with the franchise business well spread through out the globe, the company serves as a leader in roasting and selling of specialty coffee around the world. From the company website as on January 26 2011, the company expects the earning per share to increase up from 1.44S to 1.47$ which reflects a 15% to 20% growth. The company expects the earning per share in the first quarter of the year 2011 to up by 41% compared to the first quarter of the financial year 2010 and in return, this prompted the Board of Directors to declare a 0.13$ dividend per every share owned. For the report released on January 2nd 2011 after the 2 year restructuring program, the total revenues for the company increased by 8% while comparable store sales increased by 7% and these were driven by a 5% increase in traffic and a 2% increase in average stock. The Christmas Blend and Starbucks Christmas VIA were well appreciated by the customers and this led to the recording of the high results. If the company continues with the present momentum, the earning per share might increase by 15 to 20% compared to last year results. Decision Making Model By Howard Schultz stepping down in the year 2000, he used the individual decision making model whereby on his view that the company was performing well, he stepped down and let others run the business but seven years later the Starbucks company was not that promising and thus h e took it upon his responsibility to return as the CEO of the Starbucks company so that he could be able to lead it to its former glory before all was lost.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On his return, he used the rationale model due to the given facts; he generated the necessary solutions which he only was sure he could implement (Oliveira 2007). Since his return to the helm of the company, Mr. Schultz noticed that the company had adopted advanced technologies for grinding, he reintroduced the VIA previously known as Jaws which was a form of an instant coffee. He also had to accelerate the store closure programs in the United States of America in order to correct the over expansion program which prompted his return to the helm. He also intends to introduce discounts. He has also worked on improving the smell in stores by changing the cheese which was used in making break fast sandwiches (The Economist 2009). Challenges Any company no matter how successful it might seem, faces quite a number of challenges and thus Starbucks is not an exception. Among the major challenges facing the company is its competitors in the market. With there being numerous coffee shops all over the world, for example Nestle and McDonalds, it is necessary for the company to keep watch and be aware of what the rivals are doing. Another challenge was brought about by the store closures. The reasons for closures were cited to be the weak economy in which the USA and the world as a whole were going through. This tarnished the Starbucks brand name as a company for the people as thousands of people who have been employed in these stores lost their jobs. The quality of Starbucks coffee has been another major challenge in particular the espresso coffee now made by using the automatic push button machines. The quality decline has placed competition from McDonald and the others very st iff. Another challenge likely to face the Starbucks hotel is the increase in costs due to the increased prices of coffee world wide. The rising prices of coffee, beef and other ingredients also remain quite a challenge in increasing the costs which the company will accrue and thus looking for alternative source of raw materials will be an option (Baertlein 2011). Porter’s Five Forces Model to Outline the Competitive Environment The competitive environment of Starbucks Company revolves around the five porter forces as there is competitive rivalry between Starbucks and other companies, such as, McDonalds and Nestle. These firms have been a threat to Starbucks Company for quite a lengthy period. The problem about new market entrants is not that major since Starbucks is already a market leader and with it being a household name, new market entrants may offer little if any challenge. The bargaining power of buyers which forms the other aspect of the competitive environment is not a major challenge as the company has been offering its products at discounted prices in order to secure a higher market share.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Starbucks Turns To Instant Coffee in Troubled Times! specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The power of suppliers is another major factor and it is quite a challenge since with the expected rise in prices, the company expects that the costs of production will increase and this may lead to the company offering the coffee at a higher price in order to meet its basic production costs. The threat of substitute goods is not that major since tea the major substitute has been in existence with coffee for quite a long time and the consumers are likely to change as long as their demand and utility are fully satisfied. The porter’s competitive strategies that Starbucks applies are the differentiation strategy. The company offers unique product that are widely val ued by customers. The speed at which the company has recovered under Mr. Schultz has been remarkable due to the changes he initiated in the world of brand marketing. The company has managed one of the world’s old products through the art of differentiation and this has led to a lasting value known brand. Starbucks’ Entry into the Instant Coffee Market In Terms Of the Different Business Orientations If a company turns out to be market oriented, it organizes its activities products and services to revolve around the needs of its customers. Starbucks Company uses this market orientation dimension in order to reach its always diverse market pool. However, the entry of instant coffee market is a product orientation which means that the company is developing the instant coffee based on what is good at making or doing rather than what the customer needs. The Americans are not known instant coffee lovers and with the costs of living rising everyday, many might prefer buying co ffee and going at home to make for their own rather than incurring the extra cost. The risks associated with product orientation are that a change of taste or poor reception by the target consumers can lead to Starbucks making losses due to the limited uses, the new equipments might be rendered useless. The other problem is price sensitivity, whereby if the company offers the instant coffee at a higher price than what the consumers are willing to purchase, it might lead to the company making losses due to the fact that low sales might lead to idle resources and thus wasting of resources. VIA Different From Similar Products Offered By Other Competitors and Its Protection The Starbucks VIA is a 100% natural roasted coffee in an instant form that it is like a fresh- brewed cup of Starbucks. It is not your ordinary instant coffee, it is full bodied and flavourful. It is made with the highest quality Arabica seeds and it is grinded in a way that it preserves all the natural oil and flavo ur. To protect it, the company has become a U.S patent pending micro grind technology that preserves the coffee taste and quality (Strabucks Coffee Company 2011). Will VIA give Starbucks a competitive advantage and help its recovery? Explain The VIA product will offer a competitive advantage over its rivals in the short run since the customers might buy the instant coffee from the Starbucks in volumes and never walk back to Starbucks again to buy VIA.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They will only be back just to buy those products which cannot be recreated at home but the company risks wasting resources and time involving itself in unnecessary campaigns to re-brand instant coffee when it should have all hands on decks for the falling brand name. VIA will only raise the sales in the short run but the company needs to focus to inward developments for long term success. Conclusion By introducing the VIA product, Starbucks Company hopes to reach its already lost market share and increase its sales in order to achieve the much needed growth for the company. Reference List Baertlein, L. 2011. Starbucks Sees Higher 2011 Coffee Costs. Web. Oliveira, A. 2007. Decision-Making Theories and Models: Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies. Web. Starbucks Coffee Company. 2011. Starbucks VIA(R) Taste Promise Launches in the U.S. and Reinforces Taste, Quality and Customer Satisfaction. Web. The Economist. 2009. Starbucks: Just Add Water. Web. This report on Starbucks Turns To Instant Coffee in Troubled Times! was written and submitted by user Ricardo Strickland to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

GMAT IR Essays

GMAT IR Essays GMAT IR Essay GMAT IR Essay From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on the information provided. 31 A . The percent increase in the total number of Internet users from 2002 to 2007 was 31 B. The number of Internet users per 100 people increased by approximately from 2000 to 2010. 32, On Days 1 through 4 of a recent week, Product X was out of stock at Retailer R. Day 1 shoppers are those shoppers who came to Retailer R on Day 1 of that week seeking Product X. For each of the first 3 days of that week, the graph shows the subsequent behavior of all Day 1 shoppers who came to Retailer R seeking Product X on that day. Shoppers at Retailer R who purchased a different item in lieu of Product X paid an average of 30% more for the item. From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement based on information provided. AAA. % of Day 1 shoppers returned to the store on Day 3. BIB. Shoppers at Retailer R who purchased substitute items from other manufacturers on Day of the total all Day 1 shoppers would have paid had each of them been able to purchase Product X on Day 24 33, The graph depicts the per-person dietary intake of foods in 4 categories for the people of Nation X for the years 1909 through 2000. : A decline in consumption in all 4 categories strongly suggests an overall food shortage rather than a simple change in dietary pattern. From each drop-down menu, select the option that creates the most accurate statement about food consumption in Nation X based on the information provided. AAA. The graph suggests that Nation X most likely experienced a food shortage shortly before the year BIB. For the year that the total dietary intake of carbohydrates was lowest, the per- errors intake of carbohydrates was approximately times the per-person intake of dietary fiber. 5 The graph shows the estimated year-end population for the 3 most populous territories in Nation X in 5 selected years. The estimated year-end population of Nation X was in 1990 and 2010. AAA . The increase in the estimated year-end population of Territory C from 1990 to for approximately of Nation X over the same period. % of the increase in the estimated year-end population BIB. In 2010, the estimated total year-end p opulation of the 3 territories was of the estimated year-end population of Nation X. 5. Rock varnish is typically rich in iron and manganese, with the presence of manganese due to bacteria on the surface of the rock. Because the bacteria would not survive on the surface of rocks in the colder, continuously frozen, reaches of Antarctica, scientists were not surprised to discover that rock varnish in the Thiele Mountains area of Antarctica consists only of limonite, a form of oxidized iron. This had penetrated from the surfaces of the rocks into the cracks. However, although moisture is essential to the movement of limonite, snow has not melted in 6 the Thiele Mountains in recent times. Indicate which statement in the table the given information most strongly suggests is true, and the statement that the given information most strongly suggests is false. Make only two selections, one in each column. AAA BIB True False o Moisture is required for the presence of significant amounts of manganese in the environment. Moisture is not required for the presence of significant amounts of manganese in the c When temperatures in a continuously frozen location increase to above freezing, racks in rocks there begin to take in rock varnish containing significant amounts of manganese. Rock varnish that is especially rich in iron is mostly found in extreme cold. Manganese is unable to penetrate into cracks in significant amounts. Temperatures on rocks in the Thiele Mountains were above freezing at some point in the past. 28 39, 29 41, 42, 31 43 . Professor A: The aid industry should begin to limit its efforts to spending on primary schools in the poorest areas, providing medicines and other basic supplies for health care such as mosquito nets, and to a few key agricultural initiatives. Professor B: Much education work has been ineffective. A village or town with poor schooling may be better off getting a road than a teacher. Once local farmers can transport produce to market they will be willing to pay for schools-and to make sure the schools succeed. Suppose that the professors statements express their genuine opinions. Select statements (1) and (2) as follows: Professor A would likely disagree with (1) and Professor B would take (2) to present logical support for (1). Select only two statements, one per column. 43

Coral Reefs Essays

Coral Reefs Essays Coral Reefs Essay Coral Reefs Essay Coral Reefs Review of the Literature What are Coral Reefs? Coral reefs are said to be the foundation for many marine species, and are a crucial support for human life. The coral reef ecosystem is an a diverse collection of species that interact with each other and the physical environment. Coral reefs are the homes of many species including crabs, shrimp, oysters, and clams, foods eaten by humans on a daily basis. Coral reefs are among the most diverse and biologically complex ecosystems on earth, supporting 33% of marine fish species. Research has shown that there exist a host of dangers for these precious species that are living in our very oceans and alongside our seashores, and these are some pertinent questions that need to be addressed in order to establish whether coral reefs are needed for our future existence and to global warming: 1. The habitat of the coral reef? 2. Environmental problems presently facing the habitat 3. What is coral bleaching? 4. Coral bleaching and our global environment? Corals in Crisis The habitat of the Coral Reef According to Dustan, â€Å"Since the late 1970s, reefs across the world have been dying at an unprecedented rate, and it only seems to be getting worse. Dustan points out that in the Florida Keys alone extensive reef monitoring studies conducted by the EPA and other agencies have shown that the reefs lost more than 38% of their living coral cover from 1996 to 1999. Carysfort Reef lost over 90% of its coral cover from 1974 to 1999. The Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network, the single largest coral reef monitoring effort in the world, reported in October 2000 at the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium in Bali, Indonesia, that of all the reefs they monitor worldwide, 27 percent have been lost and another 32 percent could be lost in the next 20-30 years (Pockley 2000). Coral Reefs and our Environment The coral bleaching response to climate change first appeared on the policy stage in the summer of 1987, coincident with a major internatio nal episode of bleaching, increasing concern about global warming, and one of the warmest years on record in Washington, DC. The Senate held hearings on coral bleaching and testimony reported preliminary scientific evidence that linked bleaching with unusually warm seasonal seawater temperatures. Corals bleach when stresses, including high temperatures, stimulate the coral animal to expel its intra-cellular single-celled plant symbionts, which are characteristic of all reef-building corals and critical to coral health. As the color of corals is determined in large part by the plant cells, the corals appear to bleach. Bleaching does not immediately kill corals and they are capable of recovery if the stress is removed, but if it is prolonged corals may die. Coral Bleaching and Our Global Environment Human activities influence coral reefs in a variety of ways, but the general categories of disturbances make a remarkably short list: 1. Climate change including ocean warming, sea level rise, and increased atmospheric CO2.. 2. Land-based sources of pollution, including land destabilization and sedimentation, sewage disposal, toxic pollution, and pathogens. 3. Over-fishing, including both the consequences of removal of fishes from reefs and the damage of fishing techniques and gears. Climate change is the only global influence in the list and is the umbrella under which all other stresses to reefs operate. Land-based sources of pollution are both regional and local. For example, a significant proportion of marine pollution is aerosols and runoff originating far from the ocean. Over-fishing is largely a local problem and responds to relatively simple if not easily implemented management regimes. Finally, note that these disturbances are characteristic not only of coral reefs but any coastal ocean area near human populations, according to Ogden. (2002) Coral bleaching isn’t the only detrimental effect of climate change on coral reefs. Prolonged seasonally warm temperatures stress corals and can increase the growth rate of the potentially pathogenic microorganisms responsible for coral diseases. Increased CO2 in the atmosphere lowers the saturation state of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the ocean. This has been shown to decrease coral reef calcification and may over time be an even more important factor than bleaching in the global adjustment of coral reefs to climate change as stated in Ogden’s research at Florida Institute of Oceanography. (2002) In summary, the world beneath sea is still a mystery for many of us. Its an entirely different world, the beauty of the ocean’s creatures, plants, vegetation, coral reefs are precisely a pleasant sight. The beautiful coral reefs known and loved by the entire world are rapidly moving towards their extinction due to certain disturbance in the earths climate. Considered as one of the richest sources for biodiversity; coral reefs are of numerous usages to mankind but unfortunately they are also one of the most abandoned marine animals. Not only did they benefit the sea creatures that inhabit them but also the environment and people by providing them Provide abundance of food and medicine material for research work. Protect coast from wave impact and storms. Tourist attraction. The extinction of coral reefs will have a disastrous effect on population that relies on them, mostly the fish and other marine creature that depend completely on reefs for their survival. Moreover, it would leave the seashore open to the effects of storm surges and may result in revenue loss from tourism. References Dustan, P. , 1999: Testimony Presentation on Coral Reef Conservation Issues at the Senate Subcom mittee Hearing on Oceans and Fisheries. Washington, DC. Coral Reefs under Multiple Stresses in an Era of Climate Change: John C. Ogden; Director, Florida Institute of Oceanography Professor of Biology, University of South Florida Pockley, P. , 2000: Global Warming Identified as Main Threat to Coral Reefs. Nature, 407 (6807), 932. Coral Reefs under Multiple Stresses in an Era of Climate Change: John C. Ogden; Director, Florida Institute of Oceanography Professor of Biology, University of South Florida Karan Singh, V. (2008, August 23). Coral Reef Dilemma!. Retrieved September 8, 2008, from http://ezinearticles. com/? Coral-Reef-Dilemma! id=1435286

IMac Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IMac - Case Study Example There was a compatitbility issue. The expensive hardware was hard to replace. It seemed the iMac was not what it was cracked up to be for Ronny. It was not reliable. There was a compatitbility issue. The expensive hardware was hard to replace. The iMac was not reliable. Ronny's computer skills were well-known because he had created an interesting geography puzzle for his classmates. He had also worked on secretly creating a new video game aim at improving mental skills of younger people. He needed to run the program on the latest version of the iMac so he could take advantage of the multimedia capabilities. The failure of the iMac saddened and worried Ronny. Trips to the repair shop wasted important time. He planned on entering his video game in contest by IBM. The iMac was not compatible with certain Microsoft builds. The video game development relied upon advanced technology. Testing is an important step in software development. The failure of Ronny's iMac to accept program modules created in Microsoft software turned out to be the biggest problem. iMac's are some of the most advanced computers. The weakness in this machine to run the important parts of Ronny's programs shook his confidence in Apple's products. The iMac hardware was too expensive. Ronny's father was also not able to replace his computer for him because of the expense.